Increase in hydrostatic pressure forces blood from pores
41. Legs use hydraulics: spiders
"A remarkable and effective hydraulic mechanism is found in the legs of spiders, which have muscles to flex the joints but none to extend them. Spiders stretch their legs by pumping fluid into them. When a spider gets ready to jump, it generates, ...
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42. Platelets block blood loss: humans
"Just as the human circulatory system sends platelets to a wound to prevent blood loss, oil pipelines can now transport special polymers that 'clot' oil at the site of a leak. Drawn by the pressure of the escaping liquid, these polymers press agai...
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44. Organism digests blood: hookworm
"Bloodsucking hookworms parasitize 700 million people worldwide, and are responsible for a daily blood loss equivalent to the total blood supply of more than a million people." (Shuker 2001:167)"Hookworms are blood-feeding nematodes that reside in...
45. Tissues avoid damage from steroids: Arctic ground squirrel
"Lipid, the primary metabolic fuel for most hibernators, provides the needed energy from the catabolism of the fatty acids but provides insufficient glucose (from glycerol)...The problem for AGS [arctic ground squirrel] is how to build the needed ...
46. Pores allow gas exchange: birds
"Eggshell textures are the result of a porous microstructure that regulates the passage of water vapor, respiratory gases, and microorganisms between the inside of the egg and the external world. The eggshell is permeated by thousands of microscop...
47. Secretion waterproofs: red velvet mite
"Features of Balaustium sp. include resistance to intense heat and desiccation, affinity for hot surfaces in bright light, abundance in semi-arid/arid biotopes, and a large pair of secretory glands called urnulae with no known function (defense se...
48. Sharks change internal pressure gradient to breathe
Counter-current flow in gill flaps: arteries in the gills carry blood in the opposite direction to that of water flowing over them. The blood diffuses its high concentration of carbon dioxide to the water across a concentration gradient. This redu...
49. Guying used for stabilization: incense bamboo
"While no systematic study has yet been done, at least four distinct schemes seem to be used to keep roots and soil in decent contiguity. Combinations of more than a single scheme certainly occur, and a given tree may use different schemes or a va...
50. Juice launches seeds: squirting cucumber
"The little Mediterranean squirting cucumber, as it ripens, fills with a slimy juice. Eventually, the pressure within becomes so great that the cucumber bursts off its stalk and shoots through the air for as far as twenty feet. Behind it, streamin...
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