Increase in hydrostatic pressure forces blood from pores
61. Xylem conduits transport water: plants
"The transport system that drives sap ascent from soil to leaves is extraordinary and controversial. More than a century ago, H. H. Dixon (1896) proposed that a pulling force was generated at the evaporative surface of leaves and that this force w...
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62. Smart Bandage
Researchers at the University of Bath are developing a new type of bandage that could selectively kill harmful bacteria in wounds, while allowing helpful bacteria to continue flourishing and assisting in the healing and disinfecting of the damaged...
63. Smart Bandage
Researchers at the University of Bath are developing a new type of bandage that could selectively kill harmful bacteria in wounds, while allowing helpful bacteria to continue flourishing and assisting in the healing and disinfecting of the damaged...
64. Elastic blood vessels accommodate pumping: mammals
"In a typical mammal body, the cylindrical arteries and veins which carry the blood have walls, containing the elastic fibre elastin, which expand to accommodate the spurts of blood pumped by the heart and then shrink again, pushing the blood onwa...
65. Mechanism to seal joint prevents depressurization: spiders
"One particular hydraulic device is worth a little more attention here, partly because its existence comes as yet another surprise and partly because it achieves antagonism for contractile muscle in an unusual way. The eight legs of a spider diffe...
66. The lining of blood vessels allow blood cells to move with little resistance.
"[C]ore proteins in the [endothelial surface matrix layer of proteoglycans and glycoproteins that coats the inner lining of our blood vessels] are sufficiently stiff to serve as an exquisitely designed transducer of fluid shear stress to the corti...
67. Hydrostatic skeletons are the most prevalent skeletal system used by animals for movement and support.
"Hydrostatic skeletons are the most prevalent skeletal system used by animals for movement and support. A minimal hydroskeleton resembles a closed container. The walls are two layers of muscles (antagonists) oriented at right angles to one another...
68. Special pores deliver oxygen underwater.
"[Mangroves] supply oxygen to their waterlogged roots through special pores in their arching props which are only submerged for brief periods, or in vertical spikes that rise in long lines from roots snaking out just under the surface of the mud."...
69. Concertina movement navigates tunnels: snakes
"Snakes can also engage in what's called 'concertina' movement, in which one or two curves pass down the length of an otherwise straight animal. This works well for an animal confined within a channel just a bit larger than itself (such as a roden...
70. Stems move air: Phragmites australis
"Through flow can also occur in dormant plants with persistent, standing litter. This has been reported for Phragmites australis. Differences in wind speed at the top and near the bottom in the canopy create a differential internal pressure betwee...
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