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11. Receptors adhere selectively: microbes
"Successful establishment of infection by bacterial pathogens requires adhesion to host cells, colonization of tissues, and in certain cases, cellular invasion—followed by intracellular multiplication, dissemination to other tissues, or pers...
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12. Larvae adhere temporarily underwater: barnacles
"Cypris larvae of the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides leave proteinaceous footprints on surfaces during pre-settlement exploration. These footprints are considered to mediate temporary adhesion of cyprids to substrata and, as such, represent...
13. Curli allow Salmonella to adhere to Teflon and stainless steel.
“Structurally and biochemically, curli belong to a growing class of fibers known as amyloids…Biofilm formation is a multi-step developmental process that includes at least five distinguishable steps: (a) reversible attachment, (b) irreversible...
14. Disklike structures adhere to smooth surfaces: Spix's disk-winged bat
"Several of the smallest bats, for instance, use [suction adhesion] to cling to smooth leaves, with disklike structures on wrists and ankles. In the 3.5-gram Thyroptera tricolor of Central America, suction provides the main mechanism; these bats' ...
15. Eggs adhere in and out of water: midwife toad
"After the pair lays and fertilizes strings of twenty to sixty eggs, the father thrusts his legs through the egg mass. The sticky egg strings adhere to him, and he stumbles around for the next few weeks with the eggs entwined around his thighs and...
16. Adhering to multiple substrates: blackberry
"One of the most mobile of plants…is the blackberry. An individual, once established, immediately starts to seek new territory for itself. It puts out exploratory stems…They begin to advance directly and purposefully…Each stem...
17. Sticky berries adhere: European mistletoe
"The only European mistletoe is the strange twin-leaved parasite that once played an important part in human fertility rites, perhaps because in winter its leaves remain green and visibly alive when those of the tree on which it grows have all fal...
18. Hooks adhere to wooly coats: burdock
"Calyx globular, formed of numerous narrow scales, each tipped with a little incurved hook, by means of which the whole calyx, when laden with ripe seed, easily separating from its stalk, adheres to the hairy or wooly coats of animals, who can sca...
19. Organ on a chip
Researchers at the Wyss Institute have developed a system for replicating complex, 3-dimensional tissues in the human body using circuitry combined with living cells. These proxy-organs will facilitate rapid, sophisticated testing without the need...
20. Organ on a chip
Researchers at the Wyss Institute have developed a system for replicating complex, 3-dimensional tissues in the human body using circuitry combined with living cells. These proxy-organs will facilitate rapid, sophisticated testing without the need...
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