structural color blue morpho butterfly
1. Wing scales diffract and scatter light: Morpho butterflies
"Brilliant iridescent colouring in male butterflies enables long-range conspecific communication and it has long been accepted that microstructures, rather than pigments, are responsible for this coloration. Few studies, however, explicitly relate...
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2. Nanofibers produce color: blue penguin
"Here, we report a new biophotonic nanostructure in the non-iridescent blue feather barbs of blue penguins (Eudyptula minor) composed of parallel β-keratin nanofibres organized into densely packed bundles...[A]nalysis of...the barb nanos...
3. Scales enhance wing color: swordtail butterfly
"The wings of the swordtail butterfly Graphium sarpedon nipponum contain the bile pigment sarpedobilin, which causes blue/green colored wing patches. Locally the bile pigment is combined with the strongly blue-absorbing carotenoid lutein, re...
4. Pigment granules create colors: damselflies
"The brilliant metallic colours of many Odonata, especially damselflies, derive from the structural arrangement of pigment granules. Pigment in the wings of such species as Agrion virgo is similarly distorted by light to produce resplendent shifti...
5. Reflectance causes white color: cabbage butterfly
"The small white, P. [Pieris] rapae, offers an interesting example of the biology of wing coloration. Both sexes of this butterfly species are rather featureless for human eyes, except for slight differences in the black spots, small wing areas wh...
6. ChromaFlair Color-Shifting Paints
From the website: ChromaFlair colors contain unique, multi-layer flakes that give paints, coatings, plastics, textiles and packaging the ability to change color when viewed from different angles. Each flake, created using a revolutionary thin-...
7. Wing surface self-cleans: Morpho butterfly
"Many biological surfaces are hydrophobic because of their complicated composition and surface microstructure. Butterflies were selected to study their characteristics by Confocal Light Microscopy, Scanning electron Microscopy and Contact Angle me...
8. Butterfly wing scale photonics
Until recently, mimicking the complex surfaces of beetles and butterflies has been technologically unfeasible. The structures responsible for producing intense color are precise to the nanoscale, with repeating patterns of cuticle and air space. T...
9. Carotenoids create yellow color: American goldfinch
"The coloration of feathers can be caused by carotenoids (usually producing yellow, orange and red), melanins (usually producing brown, black and grey), other pigments (such as found in some parrot feathers) or by nano-scale reflective tissues (us...
10. STICK.S lightweight structural system
STICK.S represents the conclusions of a two-year research and development (R+D) dissertation for the MA in architecture. Inspired by the morphological performance of the human body structural system, this project seeks to defin...
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